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HERCEG NOVI - NATURE
Thanks to numerous natural beauties Herceg Novi got the name of the town of sun, flowers and greenery. Flora is especially interesting, because in the town and in the surroundings there are several hundreds various plant species growing that come from all the meridians of the world.
Herceg Novi is situated on the south part of the Adriatic. The town is situated on an extremely significant space between the mountain Orjen (1.895 m) and one of the most beautiful bays in the world – Boka Kotorska. The mountain Orjen is famous by the endemic plant species, paths for recreation and hiking, as well as the skiing in the late spring and early summer months. Nearby the town are also hills Dobrostica (1.570 m) and Radostak (1.441 m), peninsula Lustica with the highest peak Obosnik (585), and the capes Ostro and Miriste which are 2.900 m wide. Herceg Novi has a very rich and colorful village hinterland which takes totally 235 m2.
As in all other town on the Coast, Herceg Novi also has a mild Mediterranean climate; with dry and warm summers and mild winters. Still, Herceg Novi has some specialties considering the climate. That is a specific micro climate which is conditioned with the southern exposition, lime base and mountain hinterland which prevents the breech of the cold air mass. Those facts point out that the average yearly temperature in the town is extremely favorable and is 16, 2 Cº, with over 200 sunny days per year. In the summer months (July and August) the town has approximately 10, 7 sunny hours per day. The sea temperature in Herceg Novi during the summer is 22 – 26 Cº, and with approximately the same daily air temperature it allows the swimming season to last up to 5 months. Herceg Novi has characteristic winds such as: west summer wind – minstrel; winter, north wind – tempest; winter, south wind, and sporadically it has other winds such as Levant, and Tremonton…
Flora is especially interesting, because the town and the surrounding are filled with several hundreds plant species that grow here, which came from all over the world. Herceg Novi has rare and decorative flowers. The most beautiful is the natural park Savinska dubrava with the monuments from the earlier and newer history if this area. In Herceg Novi and the surrounding the most wide spread is mimosas (acacia decurrens, lat.) a flower of yellow color. Mimosa is of Australian origin, and it comes from the genus of acacias. In Boka Kotorska it was brought at the beginning of the XX century by the sailors.
According to estimation Boka has 5.000 mimosas trees. Herceg Novi also has magnolias (magnolia grandiflora, lat.). The evergreen tree of beautiful purple – white flowers was brought from North America. People also grow in Herceg Novi Cicas palm (cycas revolute, lat.). It is a very popular plant on the Mediterranean, of Far East origins, and one of the oldest living species in the world. Agava (agave Americana, lat) is yet another interesting plant, whose homeland is east Mexico. It was brought to the soil of Herceg Novi by the Spaniards in the middle of the XVI century. Agaves have antiseptic and healing characteristics. Famous plants are also lavender (levendula officinalis, lat.), bearberry (arbutus unedo, lat.), bogomil (bougainvillea spectabilis, lat.)…
The shore of Herceg Novi, and especially its hinterland is rich with fauna, except the various kinds of birds like: swallows, gulls, hawks, smaller birds such as – robins, sparrows, in that area and in the hills around Herceg Novi one can often meet rabbits, foxes, wolfs, wild pigs, martens, squirrels…
The underwater of Herceg Novi is also interesting. In the azure blue water of the Herceg Novi bay there are many kinds of fish, which otherwise inhabit Mediterranean waters. The most famous fish is dentex (dentex dentex, lat.). Thanks to this extremely tasteful meat, this fish kind is well known from the antique ages, so according to that it is the most famous fish kind of the Adriatic Sea as well as the entire Mediterranean. Dentex is most often seen during the summer months on the depths between 10 and 10 meters. There is also lobster (palinurus elphas, lat.). That shell crab is the biggest of all crabs in the waters of the Adriatic Sea. The lobster can reach 50 cm of length and up to 5 kg of weight. It eats fishes, shells etc… Fisherman and divers in the bay of Herceg Novi often catch octopuses (octopus vulgaris, lat.). It comes from the genus of Cephalopod, in which we can also count in squids and European cuttlefish. Except in the waters of the Mediterranean, octopus is also met in the Atlantic Ocean. In the waters of Herceg Novi one can often see some other species inhabitants of the sea bottom. Among them we have: grebe fire worm (hermodice carunculata, lat.), sea urchin (arbacia lixula, lat.), giant fan worm (sabella spalanzanii, lat.), purple sea slug (flabellina affinis, lat.), cardinal fish (apogon imberbis, lat.).
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